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PLoS One
2012 Jan 01;72:e32073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032073.
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Changes in temperature have opposing effects on current amplitude in α7 and α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Jindrichova M
,
Lansdell SJ
,
Millar NS
.
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We have examined the effect of temperature on the electrophysiological properties of three neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (NACHR) subtypes: the rapidly desensitizing homomeric α7 nAChR, the more slowly desensitizing heteromeric α4β2 nAChR and on α7 nAChRs containing a transmembrane mutation (L247T) that results in dramatically reduced desensitization. In all cases, the functional properties of receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes at room temperature (RT; 21°C) were compared to those recorded at either physiological temperature (37°C) or at lower temperature (4°C). Alterations in temperature had dramatically differing effects on the amplitude of whole-cell responses detected with these three nAChR subtypes. Compared to responses at RT, the amplitude of agonist-evoked responses with α4β2 nAChRs was increased at high temperature (125±9%, n = 6, P<0.01) and reduced at low temperature (47±5%, n = 6, P<0.01), whereas the amplitude of α7 responses was reduced at high temperature (27±7%, n = 11, P<0.001) and increased at low temperatures (224±16%, n = 10, P<0.001). In contrast to the effects of temperature on α4β2 and wild type α7 nAChRs, the amplitude of α7 nAChRs containing the L247T mutation was unaffected by changes in temperature. In addition, changes in temperature had little or no effect on current amplitude when α7 nAChRs were activated by the largely non-desensitizing allosteric agonist 4BP-TQS. Despite these differing effects of temperature on the amplitude of agonist-evoked responses in different nAChRs, changes in temperature had a consistent effect on the rate of receptor desensitization on all subtypes examined. In all cases, higher temperature resulted in increased rates of desensitization. Thus, it appears that the differing effects of temperature on the amplitudes of whole-cell responses cannot be explained by temperature-induced changes in receptor desensitization rates.
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Figure 1. Electrophysiological characterization of α7 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to acetylcholine.Bar charts illustrate responses (mean ± SEM) from α7 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to a maximal (3 mM) and EC50 (100 µM) concentration of acetylcholine (A and B, respectively) at room temperature (RT; 21°C), higher temperature (37°C) and lower temperature (4°C). Data are means of 7â11 responses, each from a different oocyte, in which responses obtained at either 4°C or 37°C are normalized to responses obtained from the same oocyte at RT. C) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 4°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte. D) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 37°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte.
Figure 2. Electrophysiological characterization of α4β2 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to acetylcholine.Bar charts illustrate responses (mean ± SEM) from α4β2 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to a maximal (1 mM) concentration of acetylcholine in either calcium-contanining (A) or barium-containing Ringer solution (B) at room temperature (RT; 21°C), higher temperature (37°C) and lower temperature (4°C). Data are means of 6â9 responses, each from a different oocyte, in which responses obtained at either 4°C or 37°C are normalized to responses obtained from the same oocyte at RT. C) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 4°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte. D) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 37°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte. Representative traces are from calcium-containing saline but similar responses were obtained with barium-containing saline.
Figure 3. Electrophysiological characterization of α7L247T nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to acetylcholine.Bar charts illustrate responses (mean ± SEM) from α7L247T nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to a maximal (30 µM) and EC50 (0.4 µM) concentration of acetylcholine (A and B, respectively) at room temperature (RT; 21°C), higher temperature (37°C) and lower temperature (4°C). Data are means of 5â9 responses, each from a different oocyte, in which responses obtained at either 4°C or 37°C are normalized to responses obtained from the same oocyte at RT. C) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 4°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte. D) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 37°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte.
Figure 4. Electrophysiological characterization of α7 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to 4BP-TQS.A) A bar chart illustrates responses (mean ± SEM) from α7 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes in response to a maximal (10 µM) concentration of the allosteric agonist 4BP-TQS at room temperature (RT; 21°C), higher temperature (37°C) and lower temperature (4°C). Data are means of 5â22 responses, each from a different oocyte, in which responses obtained at either 4°C or 37°C are normalized to responses obtained from the same oocyte at RT. B) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 4°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte. C) Representative traces illustrating responses obtained at RT (upper trace) and 37°C (lower trace) from a single oocyte.
Figure 5. Electrophysiological characterization of nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes examined at different temperatures.Representative traces are shown illustrating responses obtained at RT (black), 4°C (blue) and 37°C (red). Current traces obtained at each temperature have been normalized to the same peak response. In each case, the response showing the fastest rate of desensitization was observed at 37°C and the slowest rate of desensitization was observed at 4°C. Responses are from α7 nAChRs with 3 mM acetylcholine (A), α4β2 nAChRs with 1 mM acetylcholine in calcium-containing saline (B), α7L247T nAChRs with 30 µM acetylcholine (C) and α7 nAChRs with 10 µM 4BP-TQS (D). Rates of receptor deactivation after removal of agonist were also influenced in a consistent manner by changes in temperature (faster at 37°C and slower at 4°C). Representative traces from α7L247T nAChRs with 30 µM acetylcholine are illustrated (E) and are typical of results from all receptor/agonist combinations studied (see Tables 1 and 2 for details).
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