Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
The different positioning of the proximal sequence element in the Xenopus RNA polymerase II and III snRNA promoters is a key determinant which confers RNA polymerase III specificity.
Lescure A
,
Carbon P
,
Krol A
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
We and others have previously described the TATA motif as a major determinant for Pol III specificity of the U6 promoter. Surprisingly, however, the data documented here show that the sole introduction of a TATA sequence into a U1 Pol II snRNA gene is not sufficient to confer Pol III transcription. Rather, this promoter element can mediate optimal Pol III transcription only if the PSE, the second promoter element, is shifted 4 bp upstream of the position it occupies in Pol II snRNA genes. As a result, the PSE-TATA-start site spacing introduced into the U1 Pol II gene is identical to that of the U6 gene and is strictly required to produce properly initiated Pol III transcripts. Thus, Pol II and Pol III PSEs, although similar in sequence, are not positionally equivalent. Competitive experiments raise the possibility that vertebrate U6 genes contain other, as yet unidentified, promoter elements.
Bark,
A distant enhancer element is required for polymerase III transcription of a U6 RNA gene.
, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Bark,
A distant enhancer element is required for polymerase III transcription of a U6 RNA gene.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bogenhagen,
A control region in the center of the 5S RNA gene directs specific initiation of transcription: II. The 3' border of the region.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bogenhagen,
Nucleotide sequences in Xenopus 5S DNA required for transcription termination.
1981,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Brow,
Transcription of a yeast U6 snRNA gene requires a polymerase III promoter element in a novel position.
1990,
Pubmed
Carbon,
A common octamer motif binding protein is involved in the transcription of U6 snRNA by RNA polymerase III and U2 snRNA by RNA polymerase II.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ciliberto,
Formation of the 3' end on U snRNAs requires at least three sequence elements.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Das,
Upstream regulatory elements are necessary and sufficient for transcription of a U6 RNA gene by RNA polymerase III.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Earley,
Three linked chicken U1 RNA genes have limited flanking DNA sequence homologies that reveal potential regulatory signals.
1984,
Pubmed
Galli,
Two conserved sequence blocks within eukaryotic tRNA genes are major promoter elements.
1981,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Geiduschek,
Transcription by RNA polymerase III.
1988,
Pubmed
Hernandez,
Elements required for transcription initiation of the human U2 snRNA gene coincide with elements required for snRNA 3' end formation.
1988,
Pubmed
Kassavetis,
S. cerevisiae TFIIIB is the transcription initiation factor proper of RNA polymerase III, while TFIIIA and TFIIIC are assembly factors.
1990,
Pubmed
Krol,
Xenopus tropicalis U6 snRNA genes transcribed by Pol III contain the upstream promoter elements used by Pol II dependent U snRNA genes.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Krol,
The two embryonic U1 RNA genes of Xenopus laevis have both common and gene-specific transcription signals.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kunkel,
Upstream elements required for efficient transcription of a human U6 RNA gene resemble those of U1 and U2 genes even though a different polymerase is used.
1988,
Pubmed
Lewin,
Commitment and activation at pol II promoters: a tail of protein-protein interactions.
1990,
Pubmed
Lobo,
A 7 bp mutation converts a human RNA polymerase II snRNA promoter into an RNA polymerase III promoter.
1989,
Pubmed
Lobo,
cis-acting elements required for RNA polymerase II and III transcription in the human U2 and U6 snRNA promoters.
1990,
Pubmed
Lund,
The transcription of Xenopus laevis embryonic U1 snRNA genes changes when oocytes mature into eggs.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mattaj,
Changing the RNA polymerase specificity of U snRNA gene promoters.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
McNamara,
Site-directed mutational analysis of a U4 small nuclear RNA gene proximal sequence element. Localization and identification of functional nucleotides.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Murphy,
Functional elements of the human U1 RNA promoter. Identification of five separate regions required for efficient transcription and template competition.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Murphy,
Common mechanisms of promoter recognition by RNA polymerases II and III.
1989,
Pubmed
Murphy,
Purified octamer binding transcription factors stimulate RNA polymerase III--mediated transcription of the 7SK RNA gene.
1989,
Pubmed
Murphy,
The in vitro transcription of the 7SK RNA gene by RNA polymerase III is dependent only on the presence of an upstream promoter.
1987,
Pubmed
Parry,
The Xenopus U2 gene PSE is a single, compact, element required for transcription initiation and 3' end formation.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Parry,
Positive and negative functional interactions between promoter elements from different classes of RNA polymerase III-transcribed genes.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sharp,
Structure and transcription of eukaryotic tRNA genes.
1985,
Pubmed
Simmen,
Complex requirements for RNA polymerase III transcription of the Xenopus U6 promoter.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sollner-Webb,
Surprises in polymerase III transcription.
1988,
Pubmed
Tanaka,
Activation of the U2 snRNA promoter by the octamer motif defines a new class of RNA polymerase II enhancer elements.
1988,
Pubmed
Waibel,
RNA-polymerase specificity of transcription of Arabidopsis U snRNA genes determined by promoter element spacing.
1990,
Pubmed
