Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Mol Cell Biol
1993 May 01;135:3067-75. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.5.3067-3075.1993.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
A yeast mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog (Mpk1p) mediates signalling by protein kinase C.
Lee KS
,
Irie K
,
Gotoh Y
,
Watanabe Y
,
Araki H
,
Nishida E
,
Matsumoto K
,
Levin DE
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are activated in response to a variety of stimuli through a protein kinase cascade that results in their phosphorylation on tyrosine and threonine residues. The molecular nature of this cascade is just beginning to emerge. Here we report the isolation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a functional analog of mammalian MAP kinases, designated MPK1 (for MAP kinase). The MPK1 gene was isolated as a dosage-dependent suppressor of the cell lysis defect associated with deletion of the BCK1 gene. The BCK1 gene is also predicted to encode a protein kinase which has been proposed to function downstream of the protein kinase C isozyme encoded by PKC1. The MPK1 gene possesses a 1.5-kb uninterrupted open reading frame predicted to encode a 53-kDa protein. The predicted Mpk1 protein (Mpk1p) shares 48 to 50% sequence identity with Xenopus MAP kinase and with the yeast mating pheromone response pathway components, Fus3p and Kss1p. Deletion of MPK1 resulted in a temperature-dependent cell lysis defect that was virtually indistinguishable from that resulting from deletion of BCK1, suggesting that the protein kinases encoded by these genes function in a common pathway. Expression of Xenopus MAP kinase suppressed the defect associated with loss of MPK1 but not the mating-related defects associated with loss of FUS3 or KSS1, indicating functional conservation between the former two protein kinases. Mutation of the presumptive phosphorylated tyrosine and threonine residues of Mpk1p individually to phenylalanine and alanine, respectively, severely impaired Mpk1p function. Additional epistasis experiments, and the overall architectural similarity between the PKC1-mediated pathway and the pheromone response pathway, suggest that Pkc1p regulates a protein kinase cascade in which Bck1p activates a pair of protein kinases, designated Mkk1p and Mkk2p (for MAP kinase-kinase), which in turn activate Mpk1p.
Anderson,
Requirement for integration of signals from two distinct phosphorylation pathways for activation of MAP kinase.
1990, Pubmed
Anderson,
Requirement for integration of signals from two distinct phosphorylation pathways for activation of MAP kinase.
1990,
Pubmed
Blinder,
Constitutive mutants in the yeast pheromone response: ordered function of the gene products.
1989,
Pubmed
Boulton,
ERKs: a family of protein-serine/threonine kinases that are activated and tyrosine phosphorylated in response to insulin and NGF.
1991,
Pubmed
Boulton,
An insulin-stimulated protein kinase similar to yeast kinases involved in cell cycle control.
1990,
Pubmed
Boyer,
A complementation analysis of the restriction and modification of DNA in Escherichia coli.
1969,
Pubmed
Costigan,
A synthetic lethal screen identifies SLK1, a novel protein kinase homolog implicated in yeast cell morphogenesis and cell growth.
1992,
Pubmed
Courchesne,
A putative protein kinase overcomes pheromone-induced arrest of cell cycling in S. cerevisiae.
1989,
Pubmed
Crews,
Purification of a murine protein-tyrosine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and activates the Erk-1 gene product: relationship to the fission yeast byr1 gene product.
1992,
Pubmed
Crews,
The primary structure of MEK, a protein kinase that phosphorylates the ERK gene product.
1992,
Pubmed
Dent,
Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase by v-Raf in NIH 3T3 cells and in vitro.
1992,
Pubmed
Elion,
FUS3 represses CLN1 and CLN2 and in concert with KSS1 promotes signal transduction.
1991,
Pubmed
Ely,
A 42-kD tyrosine kinase substrate linked to chromaffin cell secretion exhibits an associated MAP kinase activity and is highly related to a 42-kD mitogen-stimulated protein in fibroblasts.
1990,
Pubmed
Gartner,
Signal transduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation of FUS3 and KSS1.
1992,
Pubmed
Gómez,
Evidence for communication between nerve growth factor and protein tyrosine phosphorylation.
1990,
Pubmed
Gotoh,
In vitro effects on microtubule dynamics of purified Xenopus M phase-activated MAP kinase.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gotoh,
Microtubule-associated-protein (MAP) kinase activated by nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor in PC12 cells. Identity with the mitogen-activated MAP kinase of fibroblastic cells.
1990,
Pubmed
Gotoh,
Xenopus M phase MAP kinase: isolation of its cDNA and activation by MPF.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hanahan,
Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids.
1983,
Pubmed
Hoshi,
Activation of a Ca2+-inhibitable protein kinase that phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein 2 in vitro by growth factors, phorbol esters, and serum in quiescent cultured human fibroblasts.
1988,
Pubmed
Irie,
Mutations in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae host showing increased holding stability of the heterologous plasmid pSR1.
1991,
Pubmed
Irie,
MKK1 and MKK2, which encode Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase homologs, function in the pathway mediated by protein kinase C.
1993,
Pubmed
Irie,
A new protein kinase, SSP31, modulating the SMP3 gene-product involved in plasmid maintenance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1991,
Pubmed
Ito,
Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations.
1983,
Pubmed
Kosako,
Xenopus MAP kinase activator is a serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activated by threonine phosphorylation.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kunkel,
Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection.
1987,
Pubmed
Kyriakis,
Raf-1 activates MAP kinase-kinase.
1992,
Pubmed
Leberer,
The protein kinase homologue Ste20p is required to link the yeast pheromone response G-protein beta gamma subunits to downstream signalling components.
1992,
Pubmed
Lee,
Dominant mutations in a gene encoding a putative protein kinase (BCK1) bypass the requirement for a Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein kinase C homolog.
1992,
Pubmed
Levin,
A candidate protein kinase C gene, PKC1, is required for the S. cerevisiae cell cycle.
1990,
Pubmed
Levin,
Mutants in the S. cerevisiae PKC1 gene display a cell cycle-specific osmotic stability defect.
1992,
Pubmed
Marsh,
Signal transduction during pheromone response in yeast.
1991,
Pubmed
Miyasaka,
Nerve growth factor stimulates a protein kinase in PC-12 cells that phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein-2.
1990,
Pubmed
Nakielny,
MAP kinase activator from insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle is a protein threonine/tyrosine kinase.
1992,
Pubmed
Norrander,
Construction of improved M13 vectors using oligodeoxynucleotide-directed mutagenesis.
1983,
Pubmed
Paravicini,
The osmotic integrity of the yeast cell requires a functional PKC1 gene product.
1992,
Pubmed
Payne,
Identification of the regulatory phosphorylation sites in pp42/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase).
1991,
Pubmed
Perkins,
Biochemical Mutants in the Smut Fungus Ustilago Maydis.
1949,
Pubmed
Posada,
Tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of homologous protein kinases during oocyte maturation and mitogenic activation of fibroblasts.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ray,
Rapid stimulation by insulin of a serine/threonine kinase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes that phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein 2 in vitro.
1987,
Pubmed
Rhodes,
STE11 is a protein kinase required for cell-type-specific transcription and signal transduction in yeast.
1990,
Pubmed
Rossomando,
Evidence that pp42, a major tyrosine kinase target protein, is a mitogen-activated serine/threonine protein kinase.
1989,
Pubmed
Shirakabe,
A mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activating factor in mammalian mitogen-stimulated cells is homologous to Xenopus M phase MAP kinase activator.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Siliciano,
Transcription and regulatory signals at the mating type locus in yeast.
1984,
Pubmed
Stevenson,
Constitutive mutants of the protein kinase STE11 activate the yeast pheromone response pathway in the absence of the G protein.
1992,
Pubmed
Stratton,
Electroconvulsive treatment induces a rapid and transient increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of a 40-kilodalton protein associated with microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase activity.
1991,
Pubmed
Sutton,
The SIT4 protein phosphatase functions in late G1 for progression into S phase.
1991,
Pubmed
Teague,
Nucleotide sequence of the yeast regulatory gene STE7 predicts a protein homologous to protein kinases.
1986,
Pubmed
Torres,
A protein kinase gene complements the lytic phenotype of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lyt2 mutants.
1991,
Pubmed
Wilson,
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SRK1 gene, a suppressor of bcy1 and ins1, may be involved in protein phosphatase function.
1991,
Pubmed
Wu,
Molecular structure of a protein-tyrosine/threonine kinase activating p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase: MAP kinase kinase.
1993,
Pubmed
Zhou,
Pheromone-induced signal transduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the sequential function of three protein kinases.
1993,
Pubmed
