Cell Differ Dev 1989 Dec 01;283:211-7. doi: 10.1016/0922-3371(89)90006-3.

Neural differentiation of Xenopus laevis ectoderm takes place after disaggregation and delayed reaggregation without inducer.

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When Xenopus blastula or early gastrula ectoderm is disaggregated and cells are kept dispersed for up to 5 h prior to reaggregation, the resulting spheres will differentiate into large neural structures. In contrast, dissociated and immediately reaggregated ectoderm will only differentiate into ciliated epidermis (so-called 'atypical epidermis'). Ectoderm treated with mesoderm-inducing XTC-conditioned medium during the period of reaggregation immediately after disaggregation will only form one- or two-cell types (notochord and somites) only. Ectoderm treated with XTC-factor prior to disaggregation will differentiate into a large variety of cell types.

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