Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The type II receptors for the polypeptide growth factors transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and activin belong to a new family of predicted serine/threonine protein kinases. In Xenopus embryos, the biological effects of activin and TGF-beta 1 are strikingly different; activin induces a full range of mesodermal cell types in the animal cap assay, while TGF-beta 1 has no effects, presumably because of the lack of functional TGF-beta receptors. In order to assess the biological activities of exogenously added TGF-beta 1, RNA encoding the TGF-beta type II receptor was introduced into Xenopus embryos. In animal caps from these embryos, TGF-beta 1 and activin show similar potencies for induction of mesoderm-specific mRNAs, and both elicit the same types of mesodermal tissues. In addition, the response of animal caps to TGF-beta 1, as well as to activin, is blocked by a dominant inhibitory ras mutant, p21(Asn-17)Ha-ras. These results indicate that the activin and TGF-beta type II receptors can couple to similar signalling pathways and that the biological specificities of these growth factors lie in their different ligand-binding domains and in different competences of the responding cells.
Attisano,
Novel activin receptors: distinct genes and alternative mRNA splicing generate a repertoire of serine/threonine kinase receptors.
1992, Pubmed
Attisano,
Novel activin receptors: distinct genes and alternative mRNA splicing generate a repertoire of serine/threonine kinase receptors.
1992,
Pubmed
Attisano,
Identification of human activin and TGF beta type I receptors that form heteromeric kinase complexes with type II receptors.
1993,
Pubmed
Bassing,
A transforming growth factor beta type I receptor that signals to activate gene expression.
1994,
Pubmed
Centrella,
Activin-A binding and biochemical effects in osteoblast-enriched cultures from fetal-rat parietal bone.
1991,
Pubmed
Cho,
Molecular nature of Spemann's organizer: the role of the Xenopus homeobox gene goosecoid.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Christian,
Xwnt-8 modifies the character of mesoderm induced by bFGF in isolated Xenopus ectoderm.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Clark,
C. elegans cell-signalling gene sem-5 encodes a protein with SH2 and SH3 domains.
1992,
Pubmed
Dale,
Bone morphogenetic protein 4: a ventralizing factor in early Xenopus development.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ebner,
Determination of type I receptor specificity by the type II receptors for TGF-beta or activin.
1993,
Pubmed
Feig,
Inhibition of NIH 3T3 cell proliferation by a mutant ras protein with preferential affinity for GDP.
1988,
Pubmed
Franzén,
Cloning of a TGF beta type I receptor that forms a heteromeric complex with the TGF beta type II receptor.
1993,
Pubmed
Green,
Graded changes in dose of a Xenopus activin A homologue elicit stepwise transitions in embryonic cell fate.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Green,
The biological effects of XTC-MIF: quantitative comparison with Xenopus bFGF.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Greenwald,
Making a difference: the role of cell-cell interactions in establishing separate identities for equivalent cells.
1992,
Pubmed
Gurdon,
The generation of diversity and pattern in animal development.
1992,
Pubmed
Hino,
Characterization of cellular receptors for erythroid differentiation factor on murine erythroleukemia cells.
1989,
Pubmed
Inagaki,
Growth inhibition by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) type I is restored in TGF-beta-resistant hepatoma cells after expression of TGF-beta receptor type II cDNA.
1993,
Pubmed
Jessell,
Diffusible factors in vertebrate embryonic induction.
1992,
Pubmed
Jones,
DVR-4 (bone morphogenetic protein-4) as a posterior-ventralizing factor in Xenopus mesoderm induction.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kintner,
Hensen's node induces neural tissue in Xenopus ectoderm. Implications for the action of the organizer in neural induction.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kintner,
Expression of Xenopus N-CAM RNA in ectoderm is an early response to neural induction.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kintner,
Effects of altered expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule, N-CAM, on early neural development in Xenopus embryos.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Krieg,
In vitro RNA synthesis with SP6 RNA polymerase.
1987,
Pubmed
Krieg,
The mRNA encoding elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1 alpha) is a major transcript at the midblastula transition in Xenopus.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lin,
Expression cloning of the TGF-beta type II receptor, a functional transmembrane serine/threonine kinase.
1992,
Pubmed
Longstreet,
Loss of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1)-induced growth arrest and p34cdc2 regulation in ras-transfected epithelial cells.
1992,
Pubmed
López-Casillas,
Structure and expression of the membrane proteoglycan betaglycan, a component of the TGF-beta receptor system.
1991,
Pubmed
Massagué,
Receptors for the TGF-beta family.
1992,
Pubmed
Mathews,
Cloning of a second type of activin receptor and functional characterization in Xenopus embryos.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
McCormick,
Signal transduction. How receptors turn Ras on.
1993,
Pubmed
Mulder,
Activation of p21ras by transforming growth factor beta in epithelial cells.
1992,
Pubmed
Slack,
Mesoderm induction in early Xenopus embryos by heparin-binding growth factors.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Smith,
Expression of a Xenopus homolog of Brachyury (T) is an immediate-early response to mesoderm induction.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sokol,
Mesoderm formation in Xenopus ectodermal explants overexpressing Xwnt8: evidence for a cooperating signal reaching the animal pole by gastrulation.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sokol,
Pre-existent pattern in Xenopus animal pole cells revealed by induction with activin.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wang,
Expression cloning and characterization of the TGF-beta type III receptor.
1991,
Pubmed
Whitman,
Involvement of p21ras in Xenopus mesoderm induction.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wrana,
TGF beta signals through a heteromeric protein kinase receptor complex.
1992,
Pubmed
