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Covalently closed circular DNA containing a synthetic analog of an abasic site at a unique position was used as a substrate to study DNA repair. Incubation of this DNA in Xenopus laevis oocyte extracts resulted in rapid cleavage of the DNA at the abasic site by a class II apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease, followed by complete repair within 40 min. Nicked circular DNAs persisted for several minutes before repair by an ATP-dependent DNA synthesis reaction. The repair-related DNA synthesis was localized within 3 or 4 nucleotides surrounding the abasic site. These results are consistent with the short-patch repair reported for DNA damage at heterogeneous sites in human cells (J. D. Regan and R. B. Setlow, Cancer Res. 34:3318-3325, 1974).
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