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Front Physiol
2018 Jan 01;9:591. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00591.
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Functional Studies of Sex Pheromone Receptors in Asian Corn Borer Ostrinia furnacalis.
Liu W
,
Jiang XC
,
Cao S
,
Yang B
,
Wang GR
.
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Lepidopteran insects use sex pheromones for sexual communication. Pheromone receptors expressed on peripheral olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are critical part to detect the sex pheromones. In genus Ostrinia, several pheromone receptors were functional analyzed in O. nubilalis and O. scapulalis but the knowledge in O. furnacalis was rare. In this study, seven pheromone receptors were deorphanized by heterologous expression system of Xenopus oocytes. Functional types of sensilla trichoidea were classified by single sensillum recordings to interpret the response pattern of olfactory sensory neurons to Ostrinia pheromone components. OfurOR4 and OfurOR6 responded to the major sex pheromone Z/E12-14:OAc. OfurOR4 is the main receptor for both Z/E12-14:OAc and OfurOR6 mainly responded to E12-14:OAc. Functional differentiation of gene duplication were found between OfurOR5a and OfurOR5b. OfurOR5b showed a broad response to most of the pheromone components in O. furnacalis, whereas OfurOR5a was found without ligands. OfurOR7 showed a specific response to Z9-14:OAc and OfurOR8 mainly responded to Z11-14:OAc and E11-14:OAc. OfurOR3 did not respond to any pheromone components. Our results improved the current knowledge of pheromone reception in Ostrinia species which may contribute to speciation.
FIGURE 1. Alignments of amino acid sequence of odorant receptor co-receptor and pheromone receptors in O. furnacalis. Transmembrane domains were predicted by TMHMM Server Version 2.0 (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM/) and multiple alignments and identity calculation were done by the DNAMAN 6.0 (Lynnon Biosoft, United States). Predicted seven-transmembrane domains are marked with roman numbers. Amino acid numbering is given on the right of the alignment. Gaps in the alignment are indicated by a dash.
FIGURE 2. Representative current traces of OfurORn in response to pheromone components using Xenopus oocyte system. All the receptors were co-expressed with OfurOR2. Pheromone components (100 μM) were applied for 15 s at the time indicated by black line. Bar graph showed the statistical differences in response to each pheromone components (Mean ± SEM). (A) OfurOR4; (B) OfurOR6; (C) OfurOR7; (D) OfurOR8; (E) OfurOR5b; (F) OfurOR5a and OfurOR3. Bars labeled with different lowercase letters are significantly different.
FIGURE 3. Single sensillum recordings of s. trichoidea from male adults in O. furnacalis. (A) Four different types (Type AâD) of s. trichoidea characterized by the response to pheromone components. The stimulus was applied for 300 ms which was represented with a red line under the trace. (B) Type A sensilla in response to pheromone components (10 μg). Data are represented as Mean ± SEM (N = 76). (C) The proportion of different sensilla type recorded in this study.
FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic tree of PRs and correspond Ostrinia pheromone ligands. Node color indicates the bootstrap values. (Bold and red letters indicated the components which the receptor mainly responded; Z9 = Z9-14:OAc, Z11 = Z11-14:OAc, E11 = E11-14:OAc, Z12 = Z12-14:OAc, E12 = E12-14:OAc, E11â = E11-14OH; pheromone receptors from O. nubilalis were renamed follow the system in Table 1, OnubOR1 = OnubOR5, OnubOR3 = OnubOR4, OnubOR4 = OnubOR3, OnubOR5a = OnubOR1, The former was the name we use for phylogenetic analysis, the later was the name reported from reference in Table 1; triangles represented the response was very weak).
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