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XB-ART-20671
Genes Dev 1994 Oct 15;820:2453-65. doi: 10.1101/gad.8.20.2453.
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Regulated expression of the beta-globin gene locus in synthetic nuclei.

Barton MC , Emerson BM .


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Regulated gene expression within a complex chromosomal locus requires multiple nuclear processes. We have analyzed the transcriptional properties of the cloned chick beta-globin gene family when assembled into synthetic nuclei made by use of Xenopus egg extracts. Assembly in an erythroid protein environment correctly recapitulates tissue-specific chromatin structure and long-range promoter-enhancer interaction within the chromosomal locus, resulting in beta-globin gene activation. Nucleosome-repressed beta-globin templates can be transcriptionally activated by double-stranded DNA replication in the presence of staged erythroid proteins by remodeling of the chromatin structure within the promoter region and establishment of distal promoter-enhancer communication. The programmed transcriptional state of a gene, as encoded by its chromatin structure and long-range promoter-enhancer interactions, is stable to nuclear decondensation and DNA replication unless active remodeling occurs in the presence of specific DNA-binding proteins.

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Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: hbg1