Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Chromosome segregation requires the formation of K-fibres, microtubule bundles that attach sister kinetochores to spindle poles. Most K-fibre microtubules originate around the chromosomes through a non-centrosomal RanGTP-dependent pathway and become oriented with the plus ends attached to the kinetochore and the minus ends focused at the spindle poles. The capture and stabilization of microtubule plus ends at the kinetochore has been extensively studied but very little is known on how their minus-end dynamics are controlled. Here we show that MCRS1 is a RanGTP-regulated factor essential for non-centrosomal microtubule assembly. MCRS1 localizes to the minus ends of chromosomal microtubules and K-fibres, where it protects them from depolymerization. Our data reveal the existence of a mechanism that stabilizes the minus ends of chromosomal microtubules and K-fibres, and is essential for the assembly of a functional bipolar spindle.
Amaro,
Molecular control of kinetochore-microtubule dynamics and chromosome oscillations.
2010, Pubmed
Amaro,
Molecular control of kinetochore-microtubule dynamics and chromosome oscillations.
2010,
Pubmed
Bayliss,
Structural basis of Aurora-A activation by TPX2 at the mitotic spindle.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bickenson,
Cytoskeleton. A stabilizing influence for K-fibres.
2011,
Pubmed
Brunet,
Characterization of the TPX2 domains involved in microtubule nucleation and spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Carazo-Salas,
Generation of GTP-bound Ran by RCC1 is required for chromatin-induced mitotic spindle formation.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Carazo-Salas,
Ran-GTP coordinates regulation of microtubule nucleation and dynamics during mitotic-spindle assembly.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Caudron,
Spatial coordination of spindle assembly by chromosome-mediated signaling gradients.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
DeLuca,
Kinetochore microtubule dynamics and attachment stability are regulated by Hec1.
2006,
Pubmed
DeLuca,
hNuf2 inhibition blocks stable kinetochore-microtubule attachment and induces mitotic cell death in HeLa cells.
2002,
Pubmed
Desai,
Kin I kinesins are microtubule-destabilizing enzymes.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ems-McClung,
Kinesin-13s in mitosis: Key players in the spatial and temporal organization of spindle microtubules.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gard,
A microtubule-associated protein from Xenopus eggs that specifically promotes assembly at the plus-end.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Goodwin,
Patronin regulates the microtubule network by protecting microtubule minus ends.
2010,
Pubmed
Gruss,
The mechanism of spindle assembly: functions of Ran and its target TPX2.
2004,
Pubmed
Gruss,
Chromosome-induced microtubule assembly mediated by TPX2 is required for spindle formation in HeLa cells.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gruss,
Ran induces spindle assembly by reversing the inhibitory effect of importin alpha on TPX2 activity.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hirohashi,
p78/MCRS1 forms a complex with centrosomal protein Nde1 and is essential for cell viability.
2006,
Pubmed
Hunter,
The kinesin-related protein MCAK is a microtubule depolymerase that forms an ATP-hydrolyzing complex at microtubule ends.
2003,
Pubmed
Kalab,
Visualization of a Ran-GTP gradient in interphase and mitotic Xenopus egg extracts.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kalab,
The RanGTP gradient - a GPS for the mitotic spindle.
2008,
Pubmed
Kaláb,
Analysis of a RanGTP-regulated gradient in mitotic somatic cells.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Karsenti,
The mitotic spindle: a self-made machine.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Khodjakov,
Centrosome-independent mitotic spindle formation in vertebrates.
2000,
Pubmed
Khodjakov,
Minus-end capture of preformed kinetochore fibers contributes to spindle morphogenesis.
2003,
Pubmed
Kinoshita,
Reconstitution of physiological microtubule dynamics using purified components.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Klebig,
Bub1 regulates chromosome segregation in a kinetochore-independent manner.
2009,
Pubmed
Kline-Smith,
Depletion of centromeric MCAK leads to chromosome congression and segregation defects due to improper kinetochore attachments.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kops,
Finding the middle ground: how kinetochores power chromosome congression.
2010,
Pubmed
Lan,
Aurora B phosphorylates centromeric MCAK and regulates its localization and microtubule depolymerization activity.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mahoney,
Making microtubules and mitotic spindles in cells without functional centrosomes.
2006,
Pubmed
Maiato,
The dynamic kinetochore-microtubule interface.
2004,
Pubmed
Maresca,
Spindle assembly in the absence of a RanGTP gradient requires localized CPC activity.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
McAinsh,
The human kinetochore proteins Nnf1R and Mcm21R are required for accurate chromosome segregation.
2006,
Pubmed
McEwen,
Kinetochore fiber maturation in PtK1 cells and its implications for the mechanisms of chromosome congression and anaphase onset.
1997,
Pubmed
Mitchison,
Polewards microtubule flux in the mitotic spindle: evidence from photoactivation of fluorescence.
1989,
Pubmed
O'Connell,
Cooperative mechanisms of mitotic spindle formation.
2007,
Pubmed
Peset,
Function and regulation of Maskin, a TACC family protein, in microtubule growth during mitosis.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Petry,
A new cap for kinetochore fibre minus ends.
2011,
Pubmed
Ren,
The 58-kDa microspherule protein (MSP58), a nucleolar protein, interacts with nucleolar protein p120.
1998,
Pubmed
Rizk,
MCAK and paclitaxel have differential effects on spindle microtubule organization and dynamics.
2009,
Pubmed
Rogers,
Spindle microtubules in flux.
2005,
Pubmed
Sampath,
The chromosomal passenger complex is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sardon,
Dissecting the role of Aurora A during spindle assembly.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Schatz,
Importin alpha-regulated nucleation of microtubules by TPX2.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Shimono,
Microspherule protein 1, Mi-2beta, and RET finger protein associate in the nucleolus and up-regulate ribosomal gene transcription.
2005,
Pubmed
Tulu,
Molecular requirements for kinetochore-associated microtubule formation in mammalian cells.
2006,
Pubmed
Vasquez,
XMAP from Xenopus eggs promotes rapid plus end assembly of microtubules and rapid microtubule polymer turnover.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Walczak,
Mechanisms of mitotic spindle assembly and function.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Walczak,
Mechanisms of chromosome behaviour during mitosis.
2010,
Pubmed
Waters,
The kinetochore microtubule minus-end disassembly associated with poleward flux produces a force that can do work.
1996,
Pubmed
Wittmann,
TPX2, A novel xenopus MAP involved in spindle pole organization.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wittmann,
Localization of the kinesin-like protein Xklp2 to spindle poles requires a leucine zipper, a microtubule-associated protein, and dynein.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wollman,
Efficient chromosome capture requires a bias in the 'search-and-capture' process during mitotic-spindle assembly.
2005,
Pubmed
Wordeman,
MCAK facilitates chromosome movement by promoting kinetochore microtubule turnover.
2007,
Pubmed
