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???displayArticle.abstract??? Neural crest cells are the primary innovation that led to evolution of the vertebrates, and transcription factors of the SoxE family (Sox8, Sox9 and Sox10) are among the central players regulating the development of these cells. In all vertebrates examined to date, one or more SoxE proteins are required for the formation of neural crest cells, the maintenance of their multipotency, and their survival. Later, SoxE proteins drive the formation of multiple neural crest derivatives including chondrocytes, melanocytes, and cells of the peripheral nervous system, particularly Schwann cells/peripheral glia. Given their multiple diverse roles in the development of the neural crest, it is important to understand how the activity of SoxE factors is controlled such that they direct the correct developmental outcome. While combinatorial control with other regulatory factors is clearly one mechanism for generating such functional versatility, modulation of SoxE activity, both by SoxD family factors and by post-translational modification, also appears to be important. Elucidating the mechanisms that control SoxE function is essential to understand the evolutionary origin of the vertebrates, as well as a host of SoxE-linked syndromes and diseases, and may prove crucial for developing stem cell based therapies that target SoxE-regulated cell types.
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The transcription factor Sox9 has essential roles in successive steps of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway and is required for expression of Sox5 and Sox6.
2002, Pubmed
Akiyama,
The transcription factor Sox9 has essential roles in successive steps of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway and is required for expression of Sox5 and Sox6.
2002,
Pubmed
Akiyama,
Essential role of Sox9 in the pathway that controls formation of cardiac valves and septa.
2004,
Pubmed
Aoki,
Sox10 regulates the development of neural crest-derived melanocytes in Xenopus.
2003,
Pubmed
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Xenbase
Cheung,
The transcriptional control of trunk neural crest induction, survival, and delamination.
2005,
Pubmed
Elworthy,
Transcriptional regulation of mitfa accounts for the sox10 requirement in zebrafish melanophore development.
2003,
Pubmed
Gill,
SUMO and ubiquitin in the nucleus: different functions, similar mechanisms?
2004,
Pubmed
Girard,
Sumoylation of the SOX10 transcription factor regulates its transcriptional activity.
2006,
Pubmed
Guo,
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is sufficient and necessary for synovial joint formation.
2004,
Pubmed
Hartmann,
Wnt-14 plays a pivotal role in inducing synovial joint formation in the developing appendicular skeleton.
2001,
Pubmed
Hattori,
Transcriptional regulation of chondrogenesis by coactivator Tip60 via chromatin association with Sox9 and Sox5.
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Pubmed
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Sox proteins and neural crest development.
2005,
Pubmed
Huang,
Phosphorylation of SOX9 by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A enhances SOX9's ability to transactivate a Col2a1 chondrocyte-specific enhancer.
2000,
Pubmed
Kelsh,
Sorting out Sox10 functions in neural crest development.
2006,
Pubmed
Lefebvre,
A new long form of Sox5 (L-Sox5), Sox6 and Sox9 are coexpressed in chondrogenesis and cooperatively activate the type II collagen gene.
1998,
Pubmed
Ludwig,
Melanocyte-specific expression of dopachrome tautomerase is dependent on synergistic gene activation by the Sox10 and Mitf transcription factors.
2004,
Pubmed
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A role for SUMO modification in transcriptional repression and activation.
2007,
Pubmed
Malki,
Prostaglandin D2 induces nuclear import of the sex-determining factor SOX9 via its cAMP-PKA phosphorylation.
2005,
Pubmed
Morales,
Dynamic Sox5 protein expression during cranial ganglia development.
2007,
Pubmed
Murisier,
The tyrosinase enhancer is activated by Sox10 and Mitf in mouse melanocytes.
2007,
Pubmed
Perez-Alcala,
LSox5 regulates RhoB expression in the neural tube and promotes generation of the neural crest.
2004,
Pubmed
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A gene regulatory network orchestrates neural crest formation.
2008,
Pubmed
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The transcription factors L-Sox5 and Sox6 are essential for cartilage formation.
2001,
Pubmed
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The transcription factor Sox9 is required for cranial neural crest development in Xenopus.
2002,
Pubmed
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Xenbase
Stolt,
The transcription factor Sox5 modulates Sox10 function during melanocyte development.
2008,
Pubmed
Taylor,
SoxE factors function equivalently during neural crest and inner ear development and their activity is regulated by SUMOylation.
2005,
Pubmed
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Xenbase
Taylor,
Modulating the activity of neural crest regulatory factors.
2007,
Pubmed
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Xenbase
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Sox9 inhibits Wnt signaling by promoting beta-catenin phosphorylation in the nucleus.
2009,
Pubmed
Wegner,
Secrets to a healthy Sox life: lessons for melanocytes.
2005,
Pubmed
Yan,
A pair of Sox: distinct and overlapping functions of zebrafish sox9 co-orthologs in craniofacial and pectoral fin development.
2005,
Pubmed
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Three high mobility group-like sequences within a 48-base pair enhancer of the Col2a1 gene are required for cartilage-specific expression in vivo.
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Pubmed
