XB-ART-36168
Biophys J
2006 Oct 15;918:2892-900. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.106.090159.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Tuning magnesium sensitivity of BK channels by mutations.
Yang H
,
Hu L
,
Shi J
,
Cui J
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Intracellular Mg(2+) at physiological concentrations activates mSlo1 BK channels by binding to a metal-binding site in the cytosolic domain. Previous studies suggest that residues E374, Q397, and E399 are important in Mg(2+) binding. In the present study, we show that mutations of E374 or E399 to other amino acids, except for Asp, abolish Mg(2+) sensitivity. These results further support that the side chains of E374 and E399 are essential for Mg(2+) coordination. To the contrary, none of the Q397 mutations abolishes Mg(2+) sensitivity, suggesting that its side chain may not coordinate to Mg(2+). However, because Q397 is spatially close to E374 and E399, its mutations affect the Mg(2+) sensitivity of channel gating by either reducing or increasing the Mg(2+) binding affinity. The pattern of mutational effects and the effect of chemical modification of Q397C indicate that Q397 is involved in the Mg(2+)-dependent activation of BK channels and that mutations of Q397 alter Mg(2+) sensitivity by affecting the conformation of the Mg(2+) binding site as well as by electrostatic interactions with the bound Mg(2+) ion.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 16877509
???displayArticle.pmcLink??? PMC1578465
???displayArticle.link??? Biophys J
???displayArticle.grants??? [+]
R01 HL070393 NHLBI NIH HHS
References [+] :
Adams,
Intracellular Ca2+ activates a fast voltage-sensitive K+ current in vertebrate sympathetic neurones.
1982, Pubmed
Adams, Intracellular Ca2+ activates a fast voltage-sensitive K+ current in vertebrate sympathetic neurones. 1982, Pubmed
Adelman, Calcium-activated potassium channels expressed from cloned complementary DNAs. 1992, Pubmed , Xenbase
Ahluwalia, The large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel is essential for innate immunity. 2004, Pubmed
Altura, Cocaine induces intracellular free Mg deficits, ischemia and stroke as observed by in-vivo 31P-NMR of the brain. 1992, Pubmed
Altura, Mg2+-Ca2+ interaction in contractility of vascular smooth muscle: Mg2+ versus organic calcium channel blockers on myogenic tone and agonist-induced responsiveness of blood vessels. 1987, Pubmed
Atkinson, A component of calcium-activated potassium channels encoded by the Drosophila slo locus. 1991, Pubmed
Babu, A combined experimental and theoretical study of divalent metal ion selectivity and function in proteins: application to E. coli ribonuclease H1. 2003, Pubmed
Bao, Mapping the BKCa channel's "Ca2+ bowl": side-chains essential for Ca2+ sensing. 2004, Pubmed , Xenbase
Bellsolell, Magnesium binding to the bacterial chemotaxis protein CheY results in large conformational changes involving its functional surface. 1994, Pubmed
Bielefeldt, A calcium-activated potassium channel causes frequency-dependent action-potential failures in a mammalian nerve terminal. 1993, Pubmed
Brayden, Regulation of arterial tone by activation of calcium-dependent potassium channels. 1992, Pubmed
Bringmann, Mammalian retinal glial (Müller) cells express large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels that are modulated by Mg2+ and pH and activated by protein kinase A. 1997, Pubmed
Butler, mSlo, a complex mouse gene encoding "maxi" calcium-activated potassium channels. 1993, Pubmed , Xenbase
Chuang, Regulation of IRK3 inward rectifier K+ channel by m1 acetylcholine receptor and intracellular magnesium. 1997, Pubmed , Xenbase
Cox, Allosteric gating of a large conductance Ca-activated K+ channel. 1997, Pubmed , Xenbase
Crest, Large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels are involved in both spike shaping and firing regulation in Helix neurones. 1993, Pubmed
Cui, Intrinsic voltage dependence and Ca2+ regulation of mslo large conductance Ca-activated K+ channels. 1997, Pubmed , Xenbase
Dudev, Principles governing Mg, Ca, and Zn binding and selectivity in proteins. 2003, Pubmed
Dworetzky, Cloning and expression of a human large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel. 1994, Pubmed , Xenbase
Falke, The two-component signaling pathway of bacterial chemotaxis: a molecular view of signal transduction by receptors, kinases, and adaptation enzymes. 1997, Pubmed
Ferguson, Competitive Mg2+ block of a large-conductance, Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel in rat skeletal muscle. Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ni2+ also block. 1991, Pubmed
Fettiplace, Mechanisms of hair cell tuning. 1999, Pubmed
Guex, SWISS-MODEL and the Swiss-PdbViewer: an environment for comparative protein modeling. 1997, Pubmed
Horrigan, Coupling between voltage sensor activation, Ca2+ binding and channel opening in large conductance (BK) potassium channels. 2002, Pubmed , Xenbase
Hu, Effects of multiple metal binding sites on calcium and magnesium-dependent activation of BK channels. 2006, Pubmed , Xenbase
Hudspeth, Kinetic analysis of voltage- and ion-dependent conductances in saccular hair cells of the bull-frog, Rana catesbeiana. 1988, Pubmed
Ikura, Calcium binding and conformational response in EF-hand proteins. 1996, Pubmed
Jiang, Structure of the RCK domain from the E. coli K+ channel and demonstration of its presence in the human BK channel. 2001, Pubmed , Xenbase
Jiang, Crystal structure and mechanism of a calcium-gated potassium channel. 2002, Pubmed
Lancaster, Properties of two calcium-activated hyperpolarizations in rat hippocampal neurones. 1987, Pubmed
Lancaster, Calcium activates two types of potassium channels in rat hippocampal neurons in culture. 1991, Pubmed
Laurant, Physiological and pathophysiological role of magnesium in the cardiovascular system: implications in hypertension. 2000, Pubmed
Lewis, Voltage- and ion-dependent conductances in solitary vertebrate hair cells. , Pubmed
Lewit-Bentley, EF-hand calcium-binding proteins. 2000, Pubmed
Linse, Electrostatic contributions to the binding of Ca2+ in calbindin D9k. 1991, Pubmed
Linse, The role of protein surface charges in ion binding. 1988, Pubmed
Lukat, Divalent metal ion binding to the CheY protein and its significance to phosphotransfer in bacterial chemotaxis. 1990, Pubmed
Magleby, Gating mechanism of BK (Slo1) channels: so near, yet so far. 2003, Pubmed
Magleby, Calcium dependence of open and shut interval distributions from calcium-activated potassium channels in cultured rat muscle. 1983, Pubmed
Magleby, Burst kinetics of single calcium-activated potassium channels in cultured rat muscle. 1983, Pubmed
Marrion, Selective activation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels by co-localized Ca2+ channels in hippocampal neurons. 1998, Pubmed
Matsuda, Ohmic conductance through the inwardly rectifying K channel and blocking by internal Mg2+. , Pubmed
McLarnon, Effects of divalent cations on the activation of a calcium-dependent potassium channel in hippocampal neurons. 1993, Pubmed
McManus, Calcium-activated potassium channels: regulation by calcium. 1991, Pubmed
Morales, Block of large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels in rabbit vascular myocytes by internal Mg2+ and Na+. 1996, Pubmed
Needham, Novel ion specificity of a carboxylate cluster Mg(II) binding site: strong charge selectivity and weak size selectivity. 1993, Pubmed
Nelson, An interaction-based analysis of calcium-induced conformational changes in Ca2+ sensor proteins. 1998, Pubmed
Nelson, Physiological roles and properties of potassium channels in arterial smooth muscle. 1995, Pubmed
Pallanck, Cloning and characterization of human and mouse homologs of the Drosophila calcium-activated potassium channel gene, slowpoke. 1994, Pubmed
Pérez, Functional coupling of ryanodine receptors to KCa channels in smooth muscle cells from rat cerebral arteries. 1999, Pubmed
Petersen, Calcium-activated potassium channels and their role in secretion. , Pubmed
Plüger, Mice with disrupted BK channel beta1 subunit gene feature abnormal Ca(2+) spark/STOC coupling and elevated blood pressure. 2000, Pubmed
Roberts, Colocalization of ion channels involved in frequency selectivity and synaptic transmission at presynaptic active zones of hair cells. 1990, Pubmed
Robitaille, Presynaptic calcium signals and transmitter release are modulated by calcium-activated potassium channels. 1992, Pubmed
Robitaille, Functional colocalization of calcium and calcium-gated potassium channels in control of transmitter release. 1993, Pubmed
Romani, Parallel stimulation of glucose and Mg(2+) accumulation by insulin in rat hearts and cardiac ventricular myocytes. 2000, Pubmed
Rosenblatt, Distribution of Ca2+-activated K+ channel isoforms along the tonotopic gradient of the chicken's cochlea. 1997, Pubmed
Safronov, Large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels in the soma of rat motoneurones. 1998, Pubmed
Seelig, Interrelationship of magnesium and congestive heart failure. 2000, Pubmed
Sheng, Homology modeling identifies C-terminal residues that contribute to the Ca2+ sensitivity of a BKCa channel. 2005, Pubmed
Shi, Intracellular Mg(2+) enhances the function of BK-type Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels. 2001, Pubmed , Xenbase
Shi, Mechanism of magnesium activation of calcium-activated potassium channels. 2002, Pubmed
Squire, Modulation of Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ channels by internal Mg2+ in salivary acinar cells. 1987, Pubmed
Stock, Structure of the Mg(2+)-bound form of CheY and mechanism of phosphoryl transfer in bacterial chemotaxis. 1993, Pubmed
Stock, Signal transduction in bacterial chemotaxis. 1992, Pubmed
Storm, Action potential repolarization and a fast after-hyperpolarization in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells. 1987, Pubmed
Tanaka, Involvement of maxi-K(Ca) channel activation in atrial natriuretic peptide-induced vasorelaxation. 1998, Pubmed
Tseng-Crank, Cloning, expression, and distribution of functionally distinct Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel isoforms from human brain. 1994, Pubmed , Xenbase
Vandenberg, Inward rectification of a potassium channel in cardiac ventricular cells depends on internal magnesium ions. 1987, Pubmed
Vink, Regulation of intracellular free magnesium in central nervous system injury. 2000, Pubmed
Wachter, Inhibition of high-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels of rabbit colon epithelium by magnesium. 1996, Pubmed
Wellman, Signaling between SR and plasmalemma in smooth muscle: sparks and the activation of Ca2+-sensitive ion channels. 2003, Pubmed
White, Effects of intracellular free magnesium on calcium current in isolated cardiac myocytes. 1988, Pubmed
Wu, A kinetic description of the calcium-activated potassium channel and its application to electrical tuning of hair cells. 1995, Pubmed
Xia, Multiple regulatory sites in large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. 2002, Pubmed
Yazejian, Direct measurements of presynaptic calcium and calcium-activated potassium currents regulating neurotransmitter release at cultured Xenopus nerve-muscle synapses. 1997, Pubmed , Xenbase
Zamoyski, Activation and blocking effects of divalent cations on the calcium-dependent potassium channel of high conductance. 1989, Pubmed
Zhang, Allosteric regulation of BK channel gating by Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) through a nonselective, low affinity divalent cation site. 2001, Pubmed , Xenbase
Zhang, Effects of intracellular Mg2+ on the properties of large-conductance, Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels in rat cerebrovascular smooth muscle cells. 1995, Pubmed
Zhang, Cysteine modification alters voltage- and Ca(2+)-dependent gating of large conductance (BK) potassium channels. 2005, Pubmed