Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Molecular analysis of two closely related mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase genes: identification of a role for Aldh1, but not Aldh-pb, in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Mammalian class I aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1) has been implicated as a retinal dehydrogenase in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid, a modulator of gene expression and cell differentiation. As the first step towards studying the regulation of ALDH1 and its physiological role in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid, mouse ALDH1 cDNA and genomic clones have been characterized. During the cloning process, an additional closely related gene was also isolated and named Aldh-pb, owing to its high amino acid sequence identity (92%) with the rat phenobarbitol-inducible ALDH protein (ALDH-PB). Aldh1 spans about 45 kb in length, whereas Aldh-pb spans about 35 kb. Both genes are composed of 13 exons, and the positions of all the exon/intron boundaries are conserved with those of human ALDH1. The promoter regions of Aldh1 and Aldh-pb demonstrate high sequence similarity with those of human ALDH1 and rat ALDH-PB. Expression of Aldh1 and Aldh-pb is tissue-specific, with mRNAs for both genes being found in the liver, lung and testis, but not in the heart, spleen or muscle. Expression of Aldh-pb, but not Aldh1, was also detected at high levels in the kidney. Aldh1 and Aldh-pb encode proteins of 501 amino acids with 90% positional identity. To examine the relative roles of these two enzymes in retinoic acid synthesis in vivo, Xenopus embryos were injected with mRNAs encoding these enzymes to assay the effect on conversion of endogenous retinal into retinoic acid. Injection of ALDH1, but not ALDH-PB, mRNA stimulated retinoic acid synthesis in Xenopus embryos at the blastula stage. Thus our results indicate that Aldh1 can function in retinoic acid synthesis under physiological conditions, but that the closely related Aldh-pb does not share this property.
Algar,
Kinetic properties of murine liver aldehyde dehydrogenases.
1989, Pubmed
Algar,
Kinetic properties of murine liver aldehyde dehydrogenases.
1989,
Pubmed
Ambroziak,
Metabolic role of aldehyde dehydrogenase.
1993,
Pubmed
Ang,
Expression patterns of class I and class IV alcohol dehydrogenase genes in developing epithelia suggest a role for alcohol dehydrogenase in local retinoic acid synthesis.
1996,
Pubmed
Ang,
Retinoic acid synthesis in mouse embryos during gastrulation and craniofacial development linked to class IV alcohol dehydrogenase gene expression.
1996,
Pubmed
Banfi,
The daunorubicin-binding protein of Mr 54,000 is an aldehyde dehydrogenase and is down-regulated in mouse liver tumors and in tumor cell lines.
1994,
Pubmed
Bhat,
Enzymatic oxidation of all-trans retinal to retinoic acid in rat tissues.
1988,
Pubmed
Bhat,
Cloning of a cDNA encoding rat aldehyde dehydrogenase with high activity for retinal oxidation.
1995,
Pubmed
Blumberg,
Novel retinoic acid receptor ligands in Xenopus embryos.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Chen,
Enzymatic conversion of retinaldehyde to retinoic acid by cloned murine cytosolic and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenases.
1994,
Pubmed
Chen,
Molecular mechanism of null expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 in rat liver.
1996,
Pubmed
Creech Kraft,
Temporal distribution, localization and metabolism of all-trans-retinol, didehydroretinol and all-trans-retinal during Xenopus development.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dockham,
Identification of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenases that catalyze the oxidation of aldophosphamide and retinaldehyde.
1992,
Pubmed
Duester,
Involvement of alcohol dehydrogenase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and cytochrome P450 in the control of retinoid signaling by activation of retinoic acid synthesis.
1996,
Pubmed
Dunn,
Phenobarbital-inducible aldehyde dehydrogenase in the rat. cDNA sequence and regulation of the mRNA by phenobarbital in responsive rats.
1989,
Pubmed
el Akawi,
Rat liver cytosolic retinal dehydrogenase: comparison of 13-cis-, 9-cis-, and all-trans-retinal as substrates and effects of cellular retinoid-binding proteins and retinoic acid on activity.
1994,
Pubmed
Greenfield,
Two aldehyde dehydrogenases from human liver. Isolation via affinity chromatography and characterization of the isozymes.
1977,
Pubmed
Hempel,
Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver. Primary structure of the cytoplasmic isoenzyme.
1984,
Pubmed
Hempel,
Aldehyde dehydrogenases: widespread structural and functional diversity within a shared framework.
1993,
Pubmed
Horton,
Endogenous distribution of retinoids during normal development and teratogenesis in the mouse embryo.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hsu,
Human aldehyde dehydrogenase genes, ALDH7 and ALDH8: genomic organization and gene structure comparison.
1997,
Pubmed
Hsu,
Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2.
1985,
Pubmed
Hsu,
Genomic structure of the human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase gene.
1989,
Pubmed
Inoue,
Correlation between human erythrocyte aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and sensitivity to alcohol.
1980,
Pubmed
Kastner,
Nonsteroid nuclear receptors: what are genetic studies telling us about their role in real life?
1995,
Pubmed
Kathmann,
Cloning of a cDNA encoding a constitutively expressed rat liver cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase.
1997,
Pubmed
Kay,
Xenopus laevis: Practical uses in cell and molecular biology. Injections of oocytes and embryos.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Labrecque,
A novel isoenzyme of aldehyde dehydrogenase specifically involved in the biosynthesis of 9-cis and all-trans retinoic acid.
1995,
Pubmed
Lee,
Identification of mouse liver aldehyde dehydrogenases that catalyze the oxidation of retinaldehyde to retinoic acid.
1991,
Pubmed
Lindahl,
Aldehyde dehydrogenases and their role in carcinogenesis.
1992,
Pubmed
Liu,
The first structure of an aldehyde dehydrogenase reveals novel interactions between NAD and the Rossmann fold.
1997,
Pubmed
Marshall,
Retinoids and Hox genes.
1996,
Pubmed
McCaffery,
Asymmetrical retinoic acid synthesis in the dorsoventral axis of the retina.
1992,
Pubmed
McCaffery,
Aldehyde dehydrogenase is a positional marker in the retina.
1991,
Pubmed
McCaffrery,
Changing patterns of the retinoic acid system in the developing retina.
1993,
Pubmed
Means,
The roles of retinoids in vertebrate development.
1995,
Pubmed
Penzes,
Cloning of a rat cDNA encoding retinal dehydrogenase isozyme type I and its expression in E. coli.
1997,
Pubmed
Pereira,
The 56 kDa androgen binding protein is an aldehyde dehydrogenase.
1991,
Pubmed
PLACK,
A comparative survey of the distribution of vitamin A aldehyde in eggs.
1961,
Pubmed
Posch,
Biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid from retinal. Recognition of retinal bound to cellular retinol binding protein (type I) as substrate by a purified cytosolic dehydrogenase.
1992,
Pubmed
Radin,
Structure and expression of the cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in cyclophosphamide-resistant murine leukemia L1210 cells.
1991,
Pubmed
Rawles,
Characterization of human erythrocyte aldehyde dehydrogenase.
1987,
Pubmed
Rongnoparut,
Isolation and characterization of a cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase-encoding cDNA from mouse liver.
1991,
Pubmed
Steinmetz,
Structure of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase: the genetic component of ethanol aversion.
1997,
Pubmed
Wagner,
Regional differences in retinoid release from embryonic neural tissue detected by an in vitro reporter assay.
1992,
Pubmed
Wang,
Cloning of a cDNA encoding an aldehyde dehydrogenase and its expression in Escherichia coli. Recognition of retinal as substrate.
1996,
Pubmed
Westlund,
11-Hydroxythromboxane B2 dehydrogenase is identical to cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase.
1994,
Pubmed
WILSON,
An analysis of the syndrome of malformations induced by maternal vitamin A deficiency. Effects of restoration of vitamin A at various times during gestation.
1953,
Pubmed
Yamamoto,
A novel assay for retinoic acid catabolic enzymes shows high expression in the developing hindbrain.
1998,
Pubmed
Yanagawa,
The transcriptional regulation of human aldehyde dehydrogenase I gene. The structural and functional analysis of the promoter.
1995,
Pubmed
Yoshida,
Biological role of human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase 1: hormonal response, retinal oxidation and implication in testicular feminization.
1993,
Pubmed
Yoshida,
Retinal oxidation activity and biological role of human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase.
1992,
Pubmed
Yoshida,
Human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene family.
1998,
Pubmed
Zhao,
Molecular identification of a major retinoic-acid-synthesizing enzyme, a retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase.
1996,
Pubmed
