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Some of the inducible forms of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene family are encoded in the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of mammals. This study was undertaken to determine whether Hsp70 genes are linked to the MHC of Xenopus, an amphibian last sharing a common ancestor with mammals 300-350 million years ago. Segregation analyses involving seven haplotypes demonstrated the linkage of two or three inducible Hsp70 genes to the frog MHC. Another Hsp70 gene is not closely linked to the MHC. We conclude that the physical association of MHC class I and class II genes with Hsp70 genes is ancient.
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