Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Mol Cell Biol
2004 Dec 01;2424:10573-83. doi: 10.1128/MCB.24.24.10573-10583.2004.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Activation of p90Rsk1 is sufficient for differentiation of PC12 cells.
Silverman E
,
Frödin M
,
Gammeltoft S
,
Maller JL
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
We investigated the role of Rsk proteins in the nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling pathway in PC12 cells. When rat Rsk1 or murine Rsk2 proteins were transiently expressed, NGF treatment (100 ng/ml for 3 days) caused three- and fivefold increases in Rsk1 and Rsk2 activities, respectively. Increased activation of both wild-type Rsk proteins could be achieved by coexpression of a constitutively active (CA) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase, MEK1-DD, which is known to cause differentiation of PC12 cells even in the absence of NGF. Rsk1 and Rsk2 mutated in the PDK1-binding site were not activated by either NGF or MEK1-DD. Expression of constitutively active Rsk1 or Rsk2 in PC12 cells resulted in highly active proteins whose levels of activity did not change either with NGF treatment or after coexpression with MEK1-DD. Rsk2-CA expression had no detectable effect on the cells. However, expression of Rsk1-CA led to differentiation of PC12 cells even in the absence of NGF, as evidenced by neurite outgrowth. Differentiation was not observed with a nonactive Rsk1-CA that was mutated in the PDK1-binding site. Expression of Rsk1-CA did not lead to activation of the endogenous MAPK pathway, indicating that Rsk1 is sufficient to induce neurite outgrowth and is the only target of MAPK required for this effect. Collectively, our data demonstrate a key role for Rsk1 in the differentiation process of PC12 cells.
Alessi,
Characterization of a 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase which phosphorylates and activates protein kinase Balpha.
1997, Pubmed
Alessi,
Characterization of a 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase which phosphorylates and activates protein kinase Balpha.
1997,
Pubmed
Balendran,
PDK1 acquires PDK2 activity in the presence of a synthetic peptide derived from the carboxyl terminus of PRK2.
1999,
Pubmed
Bhatt,
The protein kinase p90 rsk as an essential mediator of cytostatic factor activity.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Buck,
Phosphorylation of rat serine 105 or mouse threonine 217 in C/EBP beta is required for hepatocyte proliferation induced by TGF alpha.
1999,
Pubmed
Cavet,
14-3-3beta is a p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) isoform 1-binding protein that negatively regulates RSK kinase activity.
2003,
Pubmed
Chen,
Phosphorylation of the c-Fos transrepression domain by mitogen-activated protein kinase and 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase.
1993,
Pubmed
Chen,
MAP kinases.
2001,
Pubmed
Cruzalegui,
ERK activation induces phosphorylation of Elk-1 at multiple S/T-P motifs to high stoichiometry.
1999,
Pubmed
Delaunoy,
Mutations in the X-linked RSK2 gene (RPS6KA3) in patients with Coffin-Lowry syndrome.
2001,
Pubmed
Erikson,
A protein kinase from Xenopus eggs specific for ribosomal protein S6.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Frödin,
A phosphoserine-regulated docking site in the protein kinase RSK2 that recruits and activates PDK1.
2000,
Pubmed
Frödin,
Role and regulation of 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) in signal transduction.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Fukuda,
Induction of neurite outgrowth by MAP kinase in PC12 cells.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Greene,
Establishment of a noradrenergic clonal line of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells which respond to nerve growth factor.
1976,
Pubmed
Gross,
Induction of metaphase arrest in cleaving Xenopus embryos by the protein kinase p90Rsk.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gross,
A constitutively active form of the protein kinase p90Rsk1 is sufficient to trigger the G2/M transition in Xenopus oocytes.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Haccard,
Induction of metaphase arrest in cleaving Xenopus embryos by MAP kinase.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Huang,
Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction.
2003,
Pubmed
Jacquot,
Mutation analysis of the RSK2 gene in Coffin-Lowry patients: extensive allelic heterogeneity and a high rate of de novo mutations.
1998,
Pubmed
Jacquot,
X-linked Coffin-Lowry syndrome (CLS, MIM 303600, RPS6KA3 gene, protein product known under various names: pp90(rsk2), RSK2, ISPK, MAPKAP1).
2002,
Pubmed
Jensen,
90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase is phosphorylated and activated by 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1.
1999,
Pubmed
Jones,
A Xenopus ribosomal protein S6 kinase has two apparent kinase domains that are each similar to distinct protein kinases.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lizcano,
Regulation of BAD by cAMP-dependent protein kinase is mediated via phosphorylation of a novel site, Ser155.
2000,
Pubmed
McDonald,
The yersinia virulence factor YopM forms a novel protein complex with two cellular kinases.
2003,
Pubmed
Merienne,
A missense mutation in RPS6KA3 (RSK2) responsible for non-specific mental retardation.
1999,
Pubmed
Palmer,
A link between MAP kinase and p34(cdc2)/cyclin B during oocyte maturation: p90(rsk) phosphorylates and inactivates the p34(cdc2) inhibitory kinase Myt1.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Pang,
Inhibition of MAP kinase kinase blocks the differentiation of PC-12 cells induced by nerve growth factor.
1995,
Pubmed
Pearson,
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways: regulation and physiological functions.
2001,
Pubmed
Robinson,
A constitutively active and nuclear form of the MAP kinase ERK2 is sufficient for neurite outgrowth and cell transformation.
1998,
Pubmed
Roy,
Mos proto-oncogene function during oocyte maturation in Xenopus.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Schwab,
Bub1 is activated by the protein kinase p90(Rsk) during Xenopus oocyte maturation.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Smith,
Identification of an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) docking site in ribosomal S6 kinase, a sequence critical for activation by ERK in vivo.
1999,
Pubmed
Sturgill,
Insulin-stimulated MAP-2 kinase phosphorylates and activates ribosomal protein S6 kinase II.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Thomas,
MAPK cascade signalling and synaptic plasticity.
2004,
Pubmed
Trivier,
Mutations in the kinase Rsk-2 associated with Coffin-Lowry syndrome.
1996,
Pubmed
Tunquist,
Under arrest: cytostatic factor (CSF)-mediated metaphase arrest in vertebrate eggs.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Vaidyanathan,
RSK2 activity is regulated by its interaction with PEA-15.
2003,
Pubmed
Vaudry,
Signaling pathways for PC12 cell differentiation: making the right connections.
2002,
Pubmed
Wong,
Involvement of p90rsk in neurite outgrowth mediated by the cell adhesion molecule L1.
1996,
Pubmed
Wood,
ras mediates nerve growth factor receptor modulation of three signal-transducing protein kinases: MAP kinase, Raf-1, and RSK.
1992,
Pubmed
Xing,
Coupling of the RAS-MAPK pathway to gene activation by RSK2, a growth factor-regulated CREB kinase.
1996,
Pubmed
Xing,
Nerve growth factor activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways to stimulate CREB serine 133 phosphorylation.
1998,
Pubmed
Zeniou,
Expression analysis of RSK gene family members: the RSK2 gene, mutated in Coffin-Lowry syndrome, is prominently expressed in brain structures essential for cognitive function and learning.
2002,
Pubmed
Zor,
Linearization of the Bradford protein assay increases its sensitivity: theoretical and experimental studies.
1996,
Pubmed
