Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011 Jan 01;3311:143-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.09.004.

Transcript profiles and triiodothyronine regulation of sex steroid- and thyroid hormone-related genes in the gonad-mesonephros complex of Silurana tropicalis.

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In amphibians, the main role of thyroid hormones (THs) is to regulate metamorphosis; however, there is evidence that THs also affect gonadal sexual differentiation. In this study, Silurana (Xenopus) tropicalis tadpoles were exposed to triiodothyronine (T3; 0, 0.5, 5 and 50 nM), the bioactive form of THs for 48h. Real-time RT-PCR analyses in the gonad-mesonephros complex (GMC) revealed that TH- and androgen-related genes were positively regulated, while estrogen receptor β was negatively regulated by T3. Together, these results are in agreement with the masculinizing effect of THs in amphibians. Profiles of TH- and sex steroid-related genes in the GMC during metamorphosis of S. tropicalis suggest that THs are important regulators of sex steroid-related gene expression in the GMC. This study provides evidence that the GMC is a target of THs but that a complex interplay exists between THs and sex steroids during gonadal sexual development.

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Species referenced: Xenopus tropicalis
Genes referenced: trhd