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???displayArticle.abstract??? Epbl41l4a (erythrocyte protein band 4.1-like 4a, also named Nbl4) is a member of the band 4.1/Nbl4 (novel band 4.1-like protein 4) group of the FERM (4.1, ezrin, radixin, moesin) protein superfamily. Proteins encoded by this gene family are involved in many cellular processes such as organization of epithelial cells and signal transduction. On a molecular level, band 4.1/Nbl4 proteins have been shown to link membrane-associated proteins and lipids to the actin cytoskeleton. Epbl41l4a has also recently been identified as a target gene of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Here, we describe for the first time the spatio-temporal expression of epbl41l4a using Xenopus laevis as a model system. We observed a strong and specific expression of epb41l4a in the developing somites, in particular during segmentation as well as in the nasal and cranial placodes, pronephros, and neural tube. Thus, epbl41l4a is expressed in tissues undergoing morphogenetic movements, suggesting a functional role of epbl41l4a during these processes.
Fig. 3 Spatial expression pattern of epbl41l4a mRNA during
Xenopus laevis embryonic development. The spatio-temporal expression
of epbl41l4a is visualized by whole-mount in situ hybridizations.
Embryonic stages are indicated in each panel. a Lateral view of an
embryo at stage 4. Epbl41l4a is expressed in the animal pole of the
embryo (yellow arrowhead). b Animal view of a stage 9 embryo.
Epbl41l4a transcripts are detected in the animal half of the embryo
(yellow arrowhead). c Dorsal view of an embryo at stage 13.
Epbl41l4a transcripts are visualized in the paraxial mesoderm
representing somitic precursor cells (white arrow). d Anterior view.
Epbl41l4a mRNA is expressed in the cardiac progenitor cell
population (red arrowhead) as well as slightly in the anterior neural
plate (yellow arrow). e Dorsal views of a stage 15 embryo. Epbl41l4a
transcripts are detected in the dorsal neural tube and somite anlage
(yellow arrow). f An embryo at stage 20 from the anterior side.
Endogenous epbl41l4a is detectable in the cardiac crescent (red
arrowhead) and in the nasal placode (white arrowhead). g Dorsal
view of a stage 20 embryo. Epbl41l4a is expressed in the neural tube
(yellow arrow) and the forming somites (white arrow). h An embryo
at stage 24 shown from the lateral side with the head to the left.
Epbl41l4a transcripts are visualized in the neural tube (yellow arrow)
and the posterior, unsegmented part of the somites (white arrow). i
Ventral view of an embryo at stage 24 with the head to the top. Epbl41l4a
is expressed in the nasal placode (white arrowhead). j–l Lateral views
of embryos at indicated stages with anterior to the left. Epbl41l4a starts
to be expressed in the pronephric tubules (black arrow and black
arrowhead) at stage 29 and the expression becomes stronger at later
stages. It can also be visualized in the neural tube (yellow arrow), the
eye (green arrow), the nasal placode (white arrow), the profundal
ganglion (gPr), the trigeminal ganglion (gV), and the facial epibranchial
ganglion (egVII) as indicated
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