Nakajo N et al. (2011), Temporal and spatial expression patterns of Cdc...

XB-ART-44194

Int J Dev Biol 2011 Jan 01;556:627-32. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.113287nn.

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Temporal and spatial expression patterns of Cdc25 phosphatase isoforms during early Xenopus development.

Nakajo N , Deno YK , Ueno H , Kenmochi C , Shimuta K , Sagata N .

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In early animal development, cell proliferation and differentiation are tightly linked and coordinated. It is important, therefore, to know how the cell cycle is controlled during early development. Cdc25 phosphatases activate cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and thereby promote cell-cycle progression. In Xenopus laevis, three isoforms of cdc25 have been identified, viz. cdc25A, cdc25B and cdc25C. In this study, we isolated a cDNA encoding a novel Xenopus Cdc25 phosphatase (named cdc25D). We investigated the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the four cdc25 isoforms during early Xenopus development, using RT-PCR and whole-mount in situ hybridization. cdc25A and cdc25C were expressed both maternally and zygotically, whereas cdc25B and cdc25D were expressed zygotically. Both cdc25A and cdc25C were expressed mainly in prospective neural regions, whereas cdc25B was expressed preferentially in the central nervous system (CNS), such as the spinal cord and the brain. Interestingly, cdc25D was expressed in the epidermal ectoderm of the late-neurula embryo, and in the liver diverticulum endoderm of the mid-tailbud embryo. In agreement with the spatial expression patterns in whole embryos, inhibition of bone morphoge- netic protein (BMP), a crucial step for neural induction, induced an upregulation of cdc25B, but a downregulation of cdc25D in animal cap assays.These results indicate that different cdc25 isoforms are differently expressed and play different roles during early Xenopus development.

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Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: cdc25a cdc25b cdc25c rasgrf1 XB5832479

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Fig. 3. Spatial expression patterns of cdc25 isoforms at the indicated stages of Xenopus embryos. Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) with antisense probes showing expres- sions of cdc25A (A,E,I,Q), cdc25B (B,F,J,R), cdc25C (C,G,K,S) and cdc25D (D,H,L,T,X). WISH with control sense cdc25A, cdc25B, cdc25C and cdc25D probes (M,N,O,P). (A, B, C, and D) The right and left embryos from vegetal and animal views, respectively. (E, F, G and H) Vegetal views. (I, J, K, L, Q, R, S and T) Dorsal views with anterior up. (J) The arrowhead indicates trigeminal ganglion. (R) The arrowhead indicates prospective eye regions. (U) Central transversal section of (J). (V) Central transversal section of (K). (W) Central transversal section of (T); the arrowhead indicates epidermal ectoderm. (X) Magnified view of the epidermal ectoderm of (T). Abbreviations: n, notochord; np, neural plate; nf, neural fold.

Fig. 4. Spatial expression patterns of cdc25 isoforms in tailbud- stage embryos (stage 26). Whole-mount in situ hybridization showing expressions of cdc25A (A,E), cdc25B (B,F), cdc25C (C,G) and cdc25D (D,H). (A, B, C and D) Lateral views with anterior left. (E, F and G) Dorsal views with anterior left. (H) Ventral view with anterior left. (I) Transversal section of the head region of (A). (J) Transversal section of the head region of (B); the arrow indicates mesencephalon. (K)Transversal section of the head region of (C). (I, J and K)The arrowhead indicates the eye vesicle. (L)Transversal section of (H). (M) Magnified view of the liver diverticulum endoderm of (L). The arrowhead indicates the liver diverticulum. No staining was detected with the sense probe (data not shown).