Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Xenopus laevis has long been a popular model for studies of development and, based on the use of cell-free extracts derived from its eggs, as a model for reconstitution of cell cycle regulation and other basic cellular processes. However, work over the last several years has shown that intact Xenopus eggs and embryos are also powerful models for visualization and characterization of cell cycle-regulated cytoskeletal dynamics. These findings were something of a surprise, given that the relatively low opacity of Xenopus eggs and embryos was assumed to make them poor subjects for live-cell imaging. In fact, however, the high tolerance for light exposure, the development of new imaging approaches, new probes for cytoskeletal components and cytoskeletal regulators, and the ease of microinjection make the Xenopus oocytes, eggs, and embryos one of the most useful live-cell imaging models among the vertebrates. In this review, we describe the basics of using X. laevis as a model organism for studying cell division and outline experimental approaches for imaging cytoskeletal components in vivo in X. laevis embryos and eggs.
Abreu-Blanco,
Cell wound repair in Drosophila occurs through three distinct phases of membrane and cytoskeletal remodeling.
2011, Pubmed
Abreu-Blanco,
Cell wound repair in Drosophila occurs through three distinct phases of membrane and cytoskeletal remodeling.
2011,
Pubmed
Abreu-Blanco,
Coordination of Rho family GTPase activities to orchestrate cytoskeleton responses during cell wound repair.
2014,
Pubmed
Adams,
Metaphase spindles rotate in the neuroepithelium of rat cerebral cortex.
1996,
Pubmed
Anderson,
Desynchronizing Embryonic Cell Division Waves Reveals the Robustness of Xenopus laevis Development.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bement,
A microtubule-dependent zone of active RhoA during cleavage plane specification.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bement,
Activator-inhibitor coupling between Rho signalling and actin assembly makes the cell cortex an excitable medium.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Benink,
Concentric zones of active RhoA and Cdc42 around single cell wounds.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Breznau,
The MgcRacGAP SxIP motif tethers Centralspindlin to microtubule plus ends in Xenopus laevis.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Breznau,
MgcRacGAP restricts active RhoA at the cytokinetic furrow and both RhoA and Rac1 at cell-cell junctions in epithelial cells.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Brieño-Enríquez,
NIMA-related kinase 1 (NEK1) regulates meiosis I spindle assembly by altering the balance between α-Adducin and Myosin X.
2017,
Pubmed
Chan,
Adducin-1 is essential for mitotic spindle assembly through its interaction with myosin-X.
2014,
Pubmed
Chung,
Coordinated genomic control of ciliogenesis and cell movement by RFX2.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Clark,
Integration of single and multicellular wound responses.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Danilchick,
Xenopus laevis: Practical uses in cell and molecular biology. Pictorial collage of embryonic stages.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Davenport,
Membrane dynamics during cellular wound repair.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dehapiot,
Polarized Cdc42 activation promotes polar body protrusion and asymmetric division in mouse oocytes.
2013,
Pubmed
Ferrell,
The biochemical basis of an all-or-none cell fate switch in Xenopus oocytes.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Graessl,
An excitable Rho GTPase signaling network generates dynamic subcellular contraction patterns.
2017,
Pubmed
Hara,
A cytoplasmic clock with the same period as the division cycle in Xenopus eggs.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Higashi,
Maintenance of the Epithelial Barrier and Remodeling of Cell-Cell Junctions during Cytokinesis.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hirano,
Structural basis of cargo recognition by the myosin-X MyTH4-FERM domain.
2011,
Pubmed
Iwano,
PCTK1 regulates integrin-dependent spindle orientation via protein kinase A regulatory subunit KAP0 and myosin X.
2015,
Pubmed
Kieserman,
Developmental regulation of central spindle assembly and cytokinesis during vertebrate embryogenesis.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kim,
Planar cell polarity acts through septins to control collective cell movement and ciliogenesis.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kim,
Microsurgical approaches to isolate tissues from Xenopus embryos for imaging morphogenesis.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kono,
Proteasomal degradation resolves competition between cell polarization and cellular wound healing.
2012,
Pubmed
Kwon,
Direct Microtubule-Binding by Myosin-10 Orients Centrosomes toward Retraction Fibers and Subcortical Actin Clouds.
2015,
Pubmed
Kwon,
Mechanisms to suppress multipolar divisions in cancer cells with extra centrosomes.
2008,
Pubmed
Larson,
Automated mitotic spindle tracking suggests a link between spindle dynamics, spindle orientation, and anaphase onset in epithelial cells.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Le Page,
A functional analysis of MELK in cell division reveals a transition in the mode of cytokinesis during Xenopus development.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Li,
Spindle function in Xenopus oocytes involves possible nanodomain calcium signaling.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lin,
Nonmuscle myosin IIA facilitates vesicle trafficking for MG53-mediated cell membrane repair.
2012,
Pubmed
Liu,
Meiosis I in Xenopus oocytes is not error-prone despite lacking spindle assembly checkpoint.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ma,
Cdc42 activation couples spindle positioning to first polar body formation in oocyte maturation.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Maller,
Xenopus oocytes and the biochemistry of cell division.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mandato,
Actomyosin transports microtubules and microtubules control actomyosin recruitment during Xenopus oocyte wound healing.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mandato,
Contraction and polymerization cooperate to assemble and close actomyosin rings around Xenopus oocyte wounds.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
McDade,
Rapid actin-cytoskeleton-dependent recruitment of plasma membrane-derived dysferlin at wounds is critical for muscle membrane repair.
2014,
Pubmed
Miklavc,
Actin coating and compression of fused secretory vesicles are essential for surfactant secretion--a role for Rho, formins and myosin II.
2012,
Pubmed
Milberg,
Concerted actions of distinct nonmuscle myosin II isoforms drive intracellular membrane remodeling in live animals.
2017,
Pubmed
Miller,
Regulation of cytokinesis by Rho GTPase flux.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Nakamura,
Prepatterning by RhoGEFs governs Rho GTPase spatiotemporal dynamics during wound repair.
2017,
Pubmed
Peyre,
A lateral belt of cortical LGN and NuMA guides mitotic spindle movements and planar division in neuroepithelial cells.
2011,
Pubmed
Pomerantz,
From ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation to CDK1 inactivation: requirements for the first polar body extrusion in mouse oocytes.
2012,
Pubmed
Reyes,
Anillin regulates cell-cell junction integrity by organizing junctional accumulation of Rho-GTP and actomyosin.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Rousso,
Orchestrated content release from Drosophila glue-protein vesicles by a contractile actomyosin network.
2016,
Pubmed
Sandquist,
Myosin-10 independently influences mitotic spindle structure and mitotic progression.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sedzinski,
Emergence of an Apical Epithelial Cell Surface In Vivo.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Shao,
Xenopus oocyte meiosis lacks spindle assembly checkpoint control.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Shao,
Aurora B regulates spindle bipolarity in meiosis in vertebrate oocytes.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sokac,
Cdc42-dependent actin polymerization during compensatory endocytosis in Xenopus eggs.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sokac,
Kiss-and-coat and compartment mixing: coupling exocytosis to signal generation and local actin assembly.
2006,
Pubmed
Toyoshima,
Integrin-mediated adhesion orients the spindle parallel to the substratum in an EB1- and myosin X-dependent manner.
2007,
Pubmed
von Dassow,
Action at a distance during cytokinesis.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Weber,
A microtubule-binding myosin required for nuclear anchoring and spindle assembly.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Woolner,
Spindle position in symmetric cell divisions during epiboly is controlled by opposing and dynamic apicobasal forces.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Woolner,
Myosin-10 and actin filaments are essential for mitotic spindle function.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Woolner,
Imaging the cytoskeleton in live Xenopus laevis embryos.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Yu,
Control of local actin assembly by membrane fusion-dependent compartment mixing.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Zhang,
Small GTPase RhoA regulates cytoskeleton dynamics during porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo development.
2014,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Polar body emission requires a RhoA contractile ring and Cdc42-mediated membrane protrusion.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase