Fig. 3. : Loss of Rcsd1 phenocopies the loss of Wnt11a. A. Depletion of Rcsd1 results in a severe cardiac phenotype characterized by cardiac edema (lateral view, red arrowheads) and heart malformations (ventral view, dotted lines; isolated hearts) at indicated stages. Scale bars: lateral view: 1000 μm; ventral view: 250 μm; isolated hearts 100 μm. B. Quantitative presentation of the data shown in A at stage 43. Rcsd1 MO injection leads to a cardiac phenotype in a dose dependent manner (red columns) compared to control MO injected embryos (blue column). Co-injection of full-length Xenopus rcsd1 RNA rescues the cardiac phenotype upon Rcsd1 deficiency (black column). C. Bilateral injection of Rcsd1 MO leads to a reduced heart rate (beats per minute, bpm) at stage 43, which is rescued by co-injecting full-length Xenopus rcsd1 mRNA. D-G. Analysis of cardiac Troponin T stained Rcsd1 morphant hearts using OPT. Atrial width, ventricular width and a-v length were measured as indicated in E resulting in data provided in F. Measurement of the OFT was done as indicated in E. Data are given in G. Scale bar: 100 μm. H. Cardiac Troponin T (Tnnt2) staining and sectioning of Control and Rcsd1 depleted embryos at stage 43. Loss of Rcsd1 leads to malformed hearts with disturbed ventricular trabeculation (t, white arrowheads). Rcsd1 injection restores the Rcsd1 MO induced phenotype. Scale bars: 100 μm. a, atrium; n, number of independent experiments; N, number of analysed embryos; ng, nanogram; oft, outflow tract; v, ventricle. Error bars indicate standard error of the means (s.e.m.). *, pâ¤0.05; **, pâ¤0.01; ***, pâ¤0.001; ****, pâ¤0.0001; calculated by a non-parametric Mann-Whitney rank sum test.
Image published in: Hempel A et al. (2017)
Copyright © 2017. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V.
| Gene | Synonyms | Species | Stage(s) | Tissue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tnnt2.L | CT3, LOC446916 | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 43 | heart outflow tract cardiac ventricle |
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