Fig. 2. Differential expression of Gadd45a, Gadd45b and Gadd45g during Xenopus embryogenesis. (AâC) qPCR analyses showing the mean concentration normalized to GAPDH of Xenopus Gadd45a (A), Gadd45b (B) and Gadd45g (C). (D) Quantification of relative transcript levels of Xenopus Gadd45a, Gadd45b and Gadd45g in tadpole stage (st. 32) embryos. (EâS) Whole mount in situ hybridization expression analyses. (EâH) Gadd45a expression in lateral view of whole (E) and sagitally halved (F) gastrula stage (st. 10.5) embryos, dorsal is right. (G) Anterior and (H) dorsal view of late neurula stage (st. 18) embryo. (I and J) Gadd45b expression in anterior view of stage 18 embryo using antisense (I) and sense control probe (J). (K and L) Gadd45g expression in anterior view (K) and dorsal view (L) of stage 18 embryo. (MâP) Expression analysis of stage 18 embryos cut transversally with the probes indicated. (QâS) Lateral view of tadpole stage (st. 32) embryos hybridized with probes for Gadd45a (Q), Gadd45b (R) and Gadd45g (S). The cement glands are outlined by dashed lines in (IâK). Key: (ba) branchial arches, (bp) blastopore, (cg) cement gland, (ey) eye, (fb) forebrain, (hb) hindbrain, (ht) heart field, (mes) mesoderm, (mb) midbrain, (nf) neural fold, (np) primary neuron precursors, (nt) neural tube, (pd) proctodeum, (pn) pronephros, (so) somites, (tg) trigeminal placode.
Image published in: Kaufmann LT and Niehrs C (2011)
Copyright © 2011. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V.
| Gene | Synonyms | Species | Stage(s) | Tissue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gadd45a.S | gadd | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 10.5 | ectoderm mesoderm |
| gadd45a.S | gadd | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 18 | ectoderm neuroectoderm cement gland primordium paraxial mesoderm |
| gadd45b.L | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 18 | ectoderm | |
| gadd45g.L | xgadd45g, XGadd45-gamma | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 18 | trigeminal placode neural groove neural plate chordal neural plate cardiac mesoderm pre-chordal neural plate neuroectoderm cardiac progenitor cell epibranchial placode facial epibranchial placode vagal epibranchial placode |
| myf5.L | myf-5, Xmyf-5, Xmyf5 | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 18 | paraxial mesoderm somite trunk somite |
| sox3.S | Sry, Xlsox3, xSox3, Xtsox3 | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 18 | neuroectoderm neural plate neural fold |
| gadd45a.S | gadd | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 32 | proctodeum pronephric kidney pronephric duct endoderm head region |
| gadd45b.L | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 32 | head region mesenchyme pharyngeal arch mandibular arch hyoid arch branchial arch neural tube anterior neural tube | |
| gadd45g.L | xgadd45g, XGadd45-gamma | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 32 | proctodeum midbrain hindbrain anterior neural tube forebrain telencephalon eye heart pronephric kidney trigeminal ganglion |
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